Михайло Гаухман. “Паралельні світи”: порівняльний аналіз українського і єврейського національних проектів початку ХХ ст. (на прикладі Правобережної України)

“Parallel Worlds”: A Comparative Analysis of Ukrainian and Jewish National Projects in the Early 20th Century
(Following the Example of Right-Bank Ukraine)

By Mykhaylo Gaukhman

(Luhansk Museum of Local History)

Source: Judaica Ukrainica 2 (2013): 80–112

Publication date: December 1, 2013

Publication type: article

Language: Ukrainian

Full text: 

 

Abstract

This article concerns mass nation-making processes in the Russian Empire in the early 20th century on the foundations of Right-bank Ukraine, which was the multinational space of different national projects’ realization and confrontation. The original conception of national projects was created on the basis of historiographical analysis. The concept of “national project” in this instance means the activity of national elite as related to popularizing modern discourses among the masses. The idea of “national projects” is the point of view toward nation-making processes in terms of the emergence, transformation, confrontation and cooperation among different national projects, which exist in one epoch among one and/or different ethno-confessional or ethno-social communities. This model of national project analysis consists of four relations within groups: 1) “external relations” — the characteristics of formation and political views of the national elite; 2) “relations with power” — the position of Russian bureaucracy toward the national project; 3) “internal relations” — the positions of Russian civic community (monarchists and dissenters) toward the national project of the unstated nation and, consequently, the position of the national elite toward the Russian community, and; 4) “relations with people” — the characteristic of the social practice’s “nationalizing” by the national elite. The author describes Ukrainian and Jewish nation projects as the nation-making processes of two unstated nations, in Right-bank Ukraine, by means of juxtaposing national projects. In the conclusion we compared the parameters of (in)efficiency and (anti) modernity of both projects as the crucial characteristics of nation-making processes. We draw special attention to the cases of cooperation between Ukrainian and Jewish national elites in the frames of all-Russian opposition, and Ukrainian nationalists’ attempts to approach Jewish nationalists.

Keywords: Jews in the Right-Bank Ukraine, Jews in the Russian Empire, Ukrainian-Jewish Discourses, Jewish national project, Ukrainian national project

 

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